萊科斯(si)今天給(gei)大家科普一下，自己(ji)家里安裝太陽能光伏發電(dian)站的話，是并(bing)網還(huan)是離(li)網，需(xu)(xu)不需(xu)(xu)要蓄電(dian)池(chi)?

簡(jian)單的(de)來說，離網(wang)(wang)光伏 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站是把太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲存到蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，然(ran)后通過(guo)逆(ni)變(bian)器轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)家(jia)(jia)用(yong)(yong)的(de)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站從名字(zi)也能(neng)大(da)概理解，它指的(de)是和市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)連接在一起，并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站沒(mei)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)儲存裝置，直(zhi)接通過(guo)逆(ni)變(bian)器轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)需要(yao)(yao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓要(yao)(yao)求，并(bing)(bing)優先供家(jia)(jia)庭使用(yong)(yong)，家(jia)(jia)庭用(yong)(yong)不完的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可以(yi)賣給國(guo)家(jia)(jia)。目(mu)前國(guo)家(jia)(jia)政(zheng)策支持，正在大(da)力(li)扶持太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，家(jia)(jia)庭光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站只(zhi)要(yao)(yao)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，都(dou)會(hui)(hui)有國(guo)家(jia)(jia)補貼(tie)。不過(guo)并(bing)(bing)網(wang)(wang)的(de)話要(yao)(yao)先跟當地國(guo)家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)部門申請，安裝前也別忘(wang)了使用(yong)(yong)萊科(ke)斯的(de)EL檢(jian)測儀(yi)檢(jian)測是否(fou)有隱(yin)裂(lie)，隱(yin)裂(lie)可是會(hui)(hui)極大(da)的(de)影響發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率與使用(yong)(yong)壽命的(de)。

第一、并網光伏發電站

并(bing)網(wang)，就(jiu)是(shi)必須連接到公(gong)共電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，就(jiu)是(shi)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、家庭電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)、公(gong)共電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)聯(lian)系在一起了，這是(shi)必須依賴現有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)才能(neng)(neng)運行的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統。主要(yao)由(you)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池板和逆變器(qi)組成，太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池板發(fa)(fa)出直接經(jing)逆變器(qi)轉換成220V交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)給家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當(dang)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)超過(guo)家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)使用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)時，多(duo)余(yu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)輸送到了公(gong)共電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang);而當(dang)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)不能(neng)(neng)滿足家用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)使用(yong)時，就(jiu)自動從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)補充。而這整個過(guo)程都是(shi)智能(neng)(neng)控制的(de)，不需要(yao)人工操作。

由于這種光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)不需(xu)要使用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池，也就(jiu)大(da)大(da)節省了成本。特別是(shi)國(guo)家已(yi)經發(fa)布的(de)并網新政策已(yi)經明(ming)確表示，家庭光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)可以免費入網，多余的(de)電(dian)(dian)還可以賣給電(dian)(dian)力公司。從投資的(de)長遠(yuan)角度，按家庭光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)25年的(de)使用(yong)壽命計算，6-10年左(zuo)右(you)可以回收成本，剩下(xia)的(de)十幾(ji)年就(jiu)是(shi)賺到的(de)。因(yin)此，如果想節省電(dian)(dian)費開支且(qie)電(dian)(dian)力供應方便(bian)的(de)話，就(jiu)選擇并網太陽(yang)能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)，這也是(shi)目前主(zhu)流的(de)方式。

但是(shi)(shi)，并網也有其缺(que)點，就是(shi)(shi)當(dang)公共電(dian)(dian)(dian)網斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，光伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)也不能運(yun)行。但是(shi)(shi)如果把其中的(de)并網逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)換成智能微網逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(并網與(yu)離網混合逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi))，電(dian)(dian)(dian)站就可以正常(chang)運(yun)轉(zhuan)。

那(nei)么(me)，怎(zen)么(me)才可以將白天(tian)發(fa)的(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)儲(chu)存(cun)起(qi)來(lai)晚上(shang)用嗎?這需要添加控制器(qi)(qi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)等，白天(tian)控制器(qi)(qi)將光伏所(suo)發(fa)的(de)(de)電(dian)力(li)儲(chu)存(cun)在蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)中，晚上(shang)控制器(qi)(qi)將蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)所(suo)儲(chu)電(dian)力(li)釋放出來(lai)供照明(ming)使(shi)用。

第二、

這(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)被叫做獨立光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，是不依賴電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)而獨立運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，主要(yao)有(you)太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板、儲(chu)能蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制器、逆(ni)變器等部(bu)件組成。太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板發(fa)(fa)(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直接(jie)流(liu)入蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)并儲(chu)存(cun)起來，需(xu)要(yao)給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)經(jing)逆(ni)變器并轉換成220V的(de)(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)(zhe)是一個重(zhong)復循(xun)環的(de)(de)(de)(de)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)。這(zhe)(zhe)種發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統由于不受地(di)(di)(di)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)限制，使用(yong)很廣(guang)泛，只要(yao)有(you)陽光照射的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)方就(jiu)可以(yi)安裝使用(yong)，因(yin)此(ci)非常適(shi)合(he)于偏遠無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)地(di)(di)(di)區、孤島、漁船、戶外養(yang)殖(zhi)基地(di)(di)(di)等，也(ye)可以(yi)做為(wei)經(jing)常停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)應急發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備。

這種系統由(you)于必須配備蓄(xu)電池，且(qie)(qie)占據了(le)發電系統30-50%的成本(ben)(ben)。而且(qie)(qie)蓄(xu)電池的使(shi)用壽(shou)命一般都在3-5年，過后又得更換，這更是增加(jia)了(le)使(shi)用成本(ben)(ben)。而經濟性來說，很難得到大范圍的推廣使(shi)用，因此不適(shi)合用電方便的地方使(shi)用。

但對(dui)(dui)于無電網地(di)區(qu)(qu)或經(jing)常停(ting)(ting)電地(di)區(qu)(qu)家庭來說，又具有很強的實(shi)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)。特別是單純為了解決停(ting)(ting)電時的照明問(wen)題，可以采用(yong)(yong)直流節(jie)能燈，非(fei)常實(shi)用(yong)(yong)。因(yin)此，離網發電系統是專門(men)針對(dui)(dui)無電網地(di)區(qu)(qu)或經(jing)常停(ting)(ting)電地(di)區(qu)(qu)場所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)的。

簡(jian)單(dan)的說：并網(wang)不需要(yao)蓄電(dian)池，離網(wang)要(yao)蓄電(dian)池。

萊科(ke)斯致力于光(guang)伏檢(jian)測(ce)設備的(de)研發生產(chan)與銷售，包(bao)括(kuo)的(de)太陽能電池片EL檢(jian)測(ce)儀，太陽能組件EL檢(jian)測(ce)儀，光(guang)伏電站組件現(xian)場檢(jian)測(ce)用的(de)便(bian)攜式EL檢(jian)測(ce)儀，可以更好的(de)包(bao)括(kuo)質量，確保組件使用壽命！